|
Artifacts
by Jonathan D. Till and Scott G. Ortman |
Crow Canyon Home |
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| Table 59. Projectile Point Analysis Data, Sand Canyon Pueblo: Manufacturing and Use Data | ||||||||||||
| Study Unit | PD | FS | Use Type | Reduction Type | Blank Type | Cortex | Reason for Rejection | Grinding | Wear | Fracture Location | Point Type | Comments |
| General Site 0 | 0 | 8 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | tip | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | |
| 0 | 12 | atlatl dart | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | tip | Bajada Stemmed (early Archaic) | ||
| 0 | 17 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | none | indeterminate | body | biface, not further specified | questionable as a projectile point | ||
| 0 | 23 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | blade and tip | San Jose (late Archaic) | ||
| 0 | 43 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | impact fracture | none | retouching of blade | haft and shoulder | Pinto Stemmed (late Archaic) | ||
| 0 | 55 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | compound hinge/step occurrence | none | indeterminate | projectile point, not further specified | |||
| 0 | 56 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | impact fracture | none | indeterminate | blade | Bajada/Pinto Stemmed (Archaic) | possibly heat-treated chert | |
| 0 | 63 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | retouching of blade | haft and shoulder | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | ||
| 0 | 64 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | indeterminate | no use wear | no fractures | medium side-notched (middle to late PII) | ||
| Arbitrary Unit 2 | 455 | 28 | atlatl dart | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | crescentic chunk from margin | none | no use wear | haft and shoulder | Elko Corner-Notched (Archaic) | |
| 455 | 29 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| 683 | 48 | arrow point | indeterminate reduction stage | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | repaired haft | haft and shoulder | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | recycled point, had previous haft that has broken | |
| 683 | 49 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | agate? | |
| 683 | 51 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | lateral break | none | indeterminate | lateral and haft or base | Archaic corner-notched, not further specified | ||
| 753 | 22 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| 753 | 88 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | indeterminate | indeterminate | haft or base | projectile point, not further specified | basal portion only; possibly heat altered; possibly Archaic | |
| 753 | 89 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | no fractures | small side-notched, convex base (PIII) | possibly smoky obsidian | |
| 767 | 11 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | indeterminate | indeterminate | haft and shoulder | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | ||
| 820 | 67 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | utilization of blade | no fractures | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Arbitrary Unit 3 | 679 | 25 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | |
| 679 | 40 | indeterminate | refined biface (flake scars past centerline) | biface thinning flake | A | none | tip | projectile point, not further specified | questionable as a projectile point | |||
| 709 | 2 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | indeterminate | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | heavily resharpened | |
| 709 | 3 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | indeterminate | indeterminate | body | projectile point, not further specified | possible San Jose point | |
| 806 | 50 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| 807 | 7 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body | small side-notched, convex base (PIII) | possible heat treatment | |
| 809 | 7 | atlatl dart | bifacially edged blank | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | haft and tip | projectile point, not further specified | ||
| Structure 101 | 52 | 8 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | body | projectile point, not further specified | |
| Structure 102 | 50 | 88 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | retouching of blade | tip | large/medium side-notched | |
| 147 | 2 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | tip | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | ||
| Nonstructure 103 | 3 | 21 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | P | impact fracture | none | indeterminate | haft, shoulder, and tip | large/medium side-notched | |
| 31 | 20 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | indeterminate | indeterminate | projectile point, not further specified | haft portion only | ||
| 31 | 22 | arrow point | finished biface | bipolar flake | A | indeterminate | none | tip resharpened | haft or base | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| 31 | 23 | arrow point | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | bipolar flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | indeterminate | Desert Side-Notched (Numic) | possible Numic point | |
| 31 | 46 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | indeterminate | no use wear | body | projectile point, not further specified | ||
| 31 | 62 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | limited potential for further work/use | indeterminate | indeterminate | body | projectile point, not further specified | broken, small, side-notched point blank | |
| 35 | 11 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | haft and tip | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| 37 | 15 | indeterminate | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | biface thinning flake | A | lateral break | indeterminate | indeterminate | haft and tip | projectile point, not further specified | ||
| 37 | 24 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | impact fracture | indeterminate | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Structure 104 | 96 | 51 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | compound hinge/step occurrence | none | indeterminate | body | Humboldt Basal-Notched (Archaic) | Archaic lanceolate point |
| Structure 107 | 71 | 4 | arrow point | finished biface | other non-bipolar flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | tip | large/medium side-notched | |
| Structure 108 | 131 | 30 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | tip | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | |
| 142 | 32 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | shoulder | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| 142 | 62 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | utilization of blade | no fractures | large/medium side-notched | ||
| Arbitrary Unit 115 | 103 | 9 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body and shoulder | Elko Corner-Notched (Archaic) | heat-treated |
| Structure 116 | 132 | 11 | indeterminate | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | haft or base | projectile point, not further specified | |
| Structure 202 | 91 | 29 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | impact fracture | none | retouching of blade | shoulder | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | |
| Structure 203 | 111 | 18 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body | large corner-notched (BMII) | |
| Structure 207 | 330 | 6 | arrow point | analysis not applicable | bifacially reduced blank | A | limited potential for further work/use | none | retouching of blade | shoulder | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | |
| 330 | 7 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | impact fracture | none | retouching of blade | shoulder | small side-notched, concave base (late PII) | extensive resharpening | |
| Structure 208 | 201 | 26 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body and haft | projectile point, not further specified | |
| 215 | 33 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | no fractures | Pinto Stemmed (late Archaic) | ||
| 215 | 39 | atlatl dart | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | bifacially reduced blank | A | lateral break | none | retouching of blade | shoulder and tip | Elko Corner-Notched (Archaic) | reworked, broken Elko point | |
| 269 | 68 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | none | utilization of blade | haft or base | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | measurements taken from illustration; looks like a Rosegate point; small chip in base's bottom and along one edge of base; point still looks functional; made from a white chert | |
| 269 | 76 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | utilization of blade | no fractures | large/medium side-notched | ||
| 269 | 100 | not specified | projectile point, not further specified | point was lost in the field; not measured or described | ||||||||
| 271 | 6 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | haft and tip | projectile point, not further specified | ||
| Structure 306 | 86 | 3 | atlatl dart | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | retouching of blade | blade | projectile point, not further specified | extra notch on one side |
| 113 | 10 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | haft or base | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| 114 | 6 | indeterminate | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body | projectile point, not further specified | ||
| Structure 308 | 129 | 2 | arrow point | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | bipolar flake | A | impact fracture | none | indeterminate | blade | large/medium side-notched | |
| Structure 400 | 1448 | 17 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | indeterminate | indeterminate | body and haft | Sudden Side-Notched (Archaic) | Archaic |
| 1454 | 1 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | limited potential for further work/use | none | retouching of blade | haft or base | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | resharpened | |
| Structure 501 | 388 | 234 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | impact fracture | none | no use wear | tip | Desert Side-Notched (Numic) | measurements taken from illustration |
| Structure 512 | 498 | 5 | arrow point | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | biface thinning flake | P | lateral break | none | indeterminate | lateral body | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | |
| Nonstructure 513 | 370 | 2 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | indeterminate | body | Elko Eared (Archaic) | Archaic Elko Eared base | |
| Nonstructure 515 | 644 | 42 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | no fractures | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | |
| 701 | 10 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | impact fracture | none | no use wear | haft or base | large corner-notched, concave blade (BMIII–PI) | ||
| Nonstructure 518 | 547 | 51 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | retouching of blade | haft and tip | large corner-notched (BMII) | |
| Nonstructure 803 | 1008 | 34 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body and haft | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | |
| Nonstructure 1000 | 839 | 73 | indeterminate | primary thinned preform (flake scars to centerline) | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | base | indeterminate | no fractures | projectile point, not further specified | preform for a small, side-notched point |
| 839 | 96 | arrow point | finished biface | bipolar flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | no fractures | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| Structure 1003 | 795 | 6 | indeterminate | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | haft, shoulder, and tip | Elko Corner-Notched (Archaic) | |
| Structure 1004 | 530 | 63 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | haft or base | Parawan Corner-Notched (Fremont/Western Pueblo) | a Fremont/Western Pueblo point of nonlocal raw material; from roof fall above a floor with human remains |
| 530 | 155 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | shoulder | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| 593 | 16 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | no fractures | Nawthis Side-Notched | ||
| 658 | 68 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | no fractures | Bajada/Pinto Stemmed (Archaic) | Archaic point | |
| 846 | 8 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Structure 1008 | 794 | 101 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | haft and tip | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | |
| 860 | 54 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Nonstructure 1009 | 793 | 18 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | blade and lateral body | biface, not further specified | |
| 832 | 15 | atlatl dart | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | tip | Elko Corner-Notched (Archaic) | Archaic | |
| Structure 1206 | 145 | 4 | arrow point | finished biface | bipolar flake | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | |
| Nonstructure 1214 | 359 | 125 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | limited potential for further work/use | none | retouching of blade | no fractures | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | heavy resharpening |
| 359 | 139 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | tip resharpened | shoulder | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| Nonstructure 1218 | 125 | 8 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | biface thinning flake | A | lateral break | none | indeterminate | haft, body, and tip | small side-notched, concave base (late PII) | |
| Structure 1219 | 176 | 17 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | no fractures | Nawthis Side-Notched | measurements taken from illustration |
| 176 | 18 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | indeterminate | retouching of blade | haft or base | small side-notched, convex base (PIII) | ||
| 176 | 19 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | indeterminate | no fractures | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Structure 1222 | 296 | 16 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | haft or base | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | broken in two pieces, recent break |
| Nonstructure 1500 | 1074 | 15 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | shoulder | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | |
| 1124 | 8 | arrow point | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | shoulder and tip | small corner-notched (BMIII–early PII) | ||
| 1124 | 106 | indeterminate | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | limited potential for further work/use | none | indeterminate | body and haft | projectile point, not further specified | basal segment only | |
| 1124 | 140 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | heat fracture | none | tip resharpened | haft or base | small side-notched, unspecified base (PII–PIII) | ||
| 1124 | 141 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | impact fracture | none | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Structure 1501 | 1523 | 2 | arrow point | finished biface | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | shoulder and tip | small side-notched, concave base (late PII) | |
| Structure 1502 | 1056 | 23 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | body | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | |
| 1196 | 13 | arrow point | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | biface thinning flake | A | crescentic chunk from margin | none | no use wear | lateral body | projectile point, not further specified | a small, side-notched preform that was broken during notching | |
| 1213 | 58 | atlatl dart | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | haft or base | White Dog Basketmaker (BMII) | ||
| 1213 | 75 | atlatl dart | indeterminate reduction stage | indeterminate | A | bending fracture/end shock | indeterminate | indeterminate | body | medium side-notched (middle to late PII) | basal element only | |
| 1386 | 1 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | body and haft | medium corner-notched (Rosegate, PII) | ||
| Structure 1507 | 1051 | 14 | arrow point | finished biface | other non-bipolar flake | A | none | retouching of blade | indeterminate | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | resharpened | |
| Structure 1510 | 1191 | 11 | arrow point | unfinished biface (pressure flaking, notching) | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | utilization of blade | no fractures | small side-notched, convex base (PIII) | |
| Structure 1519 | 1257 | 66 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | tip | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | |
| Structure 1527 | 1197 | 9 | arrow point | indeterminate reduction stage | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | retouching of blade | blade and haft | small side-notched, unspecified base (PII–PIII) | reworked |
| 1197 | 38 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | indeterminate | none | no use wear | no fractures | medium side-notched (middle to late PII) | ||
| 1197 | 39 | arrow point | finished biface | bifacially reduced blank | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | no use wear | tip | large/medium side-notched | two pieces, recent break | |
| 1197 | 40 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | bending fracture/end shock | none | indeterminate | tip | large/medium side-notched | ||
| 1197 | 41 | arrow point | finished biface | biface thinning flake | A | indeterminate | none | retouching of blade | blade | small side-notched, straight base (PIII) | ||
| Structure 1601 | 1327 | 14 | indeterminate | primary thinned preform (flake scars to centerline) | biface thinning flake | A | limited potential for further work/use | none | no use wear | body | projectile point, not further specified | obsidian flake, unfinished |
| PD = Provenience Designation; FS = Field Specimen; BM = Basketmaker; P = Pueblo; A = absent; P = present. | ||||||||||||
Copyright © 2007 by Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. All rights reserved. |
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