E
Skeletal Nonmetric Scoring System
M. Anne Katzenberg

Trait and Degrees of Expression: 0 = absent and 9 = unobservable


Metopic suture: 0; 1 partial; 2 complete; 9

Supra-orbital notch: 0; 1 present; 2 multiple notches; 9

Supra-orbital foramen: 0; 1 present; 2 multiple foramen; 9

Supra-trochlear notch: 0; 1 present; 2 multiple notches; 9

Infra-orbital suture: 0; 1 present; 2 complete; 9

Multiple infra-orbital foramina: 0; 1 partial internal division; 2 complete internal division; 3 two distinct foramina; 4 more than two distinct foramina; 9

Parietal foramen: 0; 1 present on parietal; 2 present sutural; 9

Ossicles of the Cranial Vault: 0; 1 present; 9 epipteric bone; Asterionic bone; Parietal notch bone; Lambdoid ossicle; Coronal ossicle; Bregmatic bone; Inca bone; Apical bone; Sagittal ossicle; Ossicle in occipito-mastoid suture

Atlas bridging lateral: 0; 1 partial; 2 complete; 9

Atlas bridging posterior: 0; 1 partial; 2 complete; 9

Condylar canal: 0; 1 partial; 2 complete; 9

Divided hypoglossal canal: 0; 1 partial, internal surface; 2 partial, within canal; 3 complete, internal surface; 4 complete, within canal; 9

Tympanic dehiscence: 0; 1 foramen only; 2 full defect present; 9

Foramen spinosum incomplete: 0; 1 partial formation; 2 no definition of foramen; 9

Foramen ovale incomplete: 0; 1 partial formation; 2 no definition of foramen; 9

Pterygo-spinous bridge: 0; 1 trace spicule only; 2 partial bridge; 3 complete bridge; 9

Pterygo-alar bridge: 0; 1 trace spicule only; 2 partial bridge; 3 complete bridge; 9

Mandibular torus: 0; 1 trace (can palpate but not see); 2 moderate; 3 extreme; 9

Auditory exostosis: 0; 1 is 1/3 canal occluded; 2 is 1/3 to 2/3 canal occluded; 3 is 2/3 canal occluded; 9

Mastoid foramen:
      Location: 0; 1 temporal; 2 sutural; 3 occipital; 9
      Number: 0; 1 is 1; 2 is 2; 3 is more than 2; 9

Zygomatico-facial foramen: 0; 1 is 1 large; 2 is 1 large plus 1 smaller; 3 is 2 large; 4 is 2 large plus 1 smaller; 5 is multiple small; 9

Mental foramen: 0; 1 is 1; 2 is 2; 3 is 2+; 9

Mylohyoid bridge:
      Location: 0; 1 mandibular foramen; 2 canal; 9
      Degree: 0; 1 partial; 2 complete; 9

Accessory transverse foramina in cervical vertebrae 3-7: 0; 1 partial; 2 complete; 9

Septal aperture: 0; 1 foramen only; 2 true perforation; 9
SOURCE: From Rose et al. (1991). See Appendix D for nonmetric trait data from the tested sites.